Manufacture of filter plugs or wads for cigarettes



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MANUFACTURE OF FILTER PLUGS OR WADS FOR CIGARETTES Filed Aug. 24, 193e 12 sheets-sheet 1 Jain. 3l, 1939. F. 1F. RUAU 2,145,528

MANUFACTURE OF' FILTER PLUGS OR WADS FOR CIGARETTES Filed Aug. 24, 1936 12 Sheets-Sheet 2 f m9 fj@ f2@ 42 f@ Ik 7.97@ ,707

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MANUFACTURE OF FILTER PLUGS OR WADS FOR CIGARETTES Filed Aug. 24, 193e 12 sheets-sheds INVENTORS jan. 3J1, 1939. F. F. RUAU MANUFACTURE OF FILTER PLUGS OR WADS FOR CIGARETTES Filed Aug. 24, 1936 Il2 SheetSj-Shee'I m M w m Jan. 31, 1939. F. F. RuAu l 2,145,528

MANUFAUCTURE OF FILTER PLUGS OR WADS FOR CIGARETTES Filed Aug; 24, 1956 12 sheets-sheet 1o 'l fsf 133 Lf I: gg

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MANUFACTURE OF' FILTER PLUGS OR WADS FOR CIGARETATES Filed Aug. 24, 1936 12 Sheets-Sheet ll l NVENTOR'S E I Hy. I

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Jan. 3l, 1.939. I F. F. RUAU 29345528 MANUFACTURE OF FILTEB PLUGS OR WADS FOR CIGARETTES Filed Aug 24, 1936 l2 Sheets-Sheet l2 INVENTRS Patented llan. 3l, 1939 UNHTED STATES MANUFACTURE F FILTER PLUGS 0R WADS FOR CIGARETTES Flix Frdric Ruau, Deptford, London, England, assigner to Molins Machine Company, Limited,

London, England Application August 24, 1936, Serial No. 97,683 In Great Britain September lll, 1935 18 Claims.

This invention is for improvements in or relating to the manufacture of iilter plugs or wads, for example, plugs or wads for use with cigarettes at that end of the cigarette which is to be placed in the mouth.

In some cases plugs or wads are manufactured from strips ci material, such strips comprising layers of creped or corrugated paper. The strips are extensible transversely of their length, and consequently, when the paper is corrugated, the length of the corrugations extends transversely oi the width of the strips. If desired, the layers of creped paper may be interposed by absorbent cellulosic material.

When such plugs or wads are used with cigarettes the plugs or wads are sometimes arranged so that smoke from the cigarettes is filtered. It is, however, to be understood that where the term iilter plug or wad is used herein, it is to include plugs or wads that are capable of ltering smoke when the plugs or wads are used with cigarettes, but that it is not to be limited to plugs or wads which are capable of acting as complete smoke filters; for instance, where the plugs or wads comprise layers of creped paper with or without interleaved layers of absorbent material it will be appreciated that a complete ltering of the smoke is not obtained since some of the smoke can pass through the small channels in the plugs. Where, however, the plugs or wads are made of layers of absorbent material a more complete filtering is obtained.

Where herein the term strip is used in connection with material from which plugs or Wads are to be made, it shall mean material which is longer than it is wide.

In one form the strips comprise three layers of creped paper interleaved with two layers of absorbent cellulosic material. The length of the strips is approximately 66 centimetres, and the width approximately 44 millimetres.

The strips are obtained by severing them from a length oi material, for example, a sheet or a web comprising layers the width of which sheet or web is equal to the length of the strips, and the sheet or the web is eXtensible in a lengthwise direction, and, consequently, when the strips are severed from the end of the sheet or the web the strips are extensible transversely of their length. The material from which the plugs or wads are made is referred to for convenience as Wad material.

According to the present invention, there is provided a machine for forming lter plugs or wads comprising in combination mechanism to move wad material in strip form (e. g. wad material comprising superimposed layers of crepe paper with or without interposed layers of absorbent material) lengthwise and simultaneously to fold and/ or compress the strip to substantially the desired cross-section and a forwarding conveyor to receive the folded and/or compressed wa-d material delivered by said mechanism, the said forwarding conveyor being arranged to move the wad material together with wrapping material through mechanism arranged to fold and secure the wrapping material about the wad material. The mechanism may comprise a feed conveyor (e. g. an endless band), means disposed above the feed conveyor to engage the wad material between the longitudinal edges thereof to prevent the mid-portion from rising, a guide ele' ment or elements to engage and raise the longitudinal edge portions of the wad material, and a passage through which the Wad material with its edge portions raised is passed and in which the wad material is compressed to substantially the desired cross-section l(e. g. to a cross-section smaller than that of the final plug or wad).

One form of machine for carrying the invention into effect will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-

Figure la shows in side elevation one-half of the machine;

Figure 1b shows in side elevation the other half of the machine;

Figure 2a is a plan of Fig. 1a;

Figure 2b is a plan of Fig. 1b;

Figure 3 is an elevation drawn to an enlarged scale locking in the direction of the arrow A, Fig. 2b;

Figure 4 is a sectional view of a part of Fig. 3;

Figure 4a is a view showing a detail of Fig. 4;

Figure 5 shows a detail of Fig. 3;

Figure 6 shows a part of Fig. 1h, drawn to an enlarged scale;

Figure '7 is a plan of Fig. 6;

Figure 7a is an enlarged detailed View of a portion of Figure '7 With certain parts removed for the sake of clearness of illustration of the gripper devices;

Figures 8 to 11 are sections drawn to an enlarged scale and taken on lines 8 8, 9 9, l-il'l, lI-li respectively of Fig. 1b;

Figures l2 to 14 are sections drawn to an enlarged scale and taken on lines l2-l2, i3-l3, itl-ifi respectively of Fig. 1a;

Figure is a side elevation drawn to an enlarged scale of mechanism for drying the seam of the endless wrapper which is formed about the filter wads;

Figure 16 is an elevation of Fig. l5, looking in the direction of the arrow B;

Figure 17 is a side elevation drawn to an enlarged scale of cutting mechanism for cutting the Wrapped iilter rods into desired lengths;

Figure 18 is a plan of Fig. 17, some parts being removed and others shown in a position diiferent from that in which they are shown in Fig. 17;

Figure 19 is an elevation drawn to an enlarged scale showing the mechanism for delivering the severed lter wad lengths to collecting mechanism;

Figure 20 is a View of Fig. 19, looking in the direction of the arrow C, Fig. 19.

Like references refer to like parts throughout the specification and drawings.

Referring to Fig. 3 of the drawings, the material from which the filter wads are to be formed is fed as a web 23 from a reel of material (not shown). The web of material comprises three superimposed layers of crepe paper, interleaved with two layers of absorbent cellulosic material, and the width of the reel is approximately 66 centimetres.

The web is fed intermittently towards a cutting device, described below, and it is found that there is a tendency for the lower layers of the web to lag behind the upper layers during the feeding operation. To reduce this tendency the web is passed over a roller 24, which is rotated continuously and is provided at intervals along its length with roughened surfaces 25, Fig. 5, which feed the lower layers of the web forwardly, thus keeping the superimposed layers of material in their desired relative position.

The roller 24 is rotated so that the surface of the roller which engages with the web 23 moves in the same direction as the direction in which the web is being moved and operates to tension the web in the direction of movement of the web. The roughened surfaces are provided by strips of emery cloth secured to the roller.

The web 23 is moved over a guide plate 26 and between the side guides 21, Fig. '1, which are of U shape and enclose the longitudinal edges of the web, so as to control the web laterally whilst it is being moved towards the cutting device.

Feeding elements 28, Figs. 3 and 4, mounted on arms 29 secured to a shaft 36 are reciprocated to move the web 23 intermittently towards the cutting device. The shaft 36 is oscillated about its longitudinal axis by an eccentric strap 3l mounted on a shaft 32, driven from the main drive of the machine. A link 33 connects the shaft 36 with the eccentric strap 3|. At each cutting operation a strip approximately 44 millimetres wide is severed therefrom, and it will be seen, therefore, that each strip severed from the Web is approximately 66 centimetres long and 44 millimetres wide. As will be seen in Fig. 3, the link 33 is provided with a slot and the eccentric strap 3l carries a pin 3Ia which engages with the slot in the link 33. If it is desired to alter the width of the strips being severed from the web, it is only necessary to alter the position of the eccentric strap and consequently that of the pin carried thereby relatively to the slot in the link 33.

The cutting device for severing strips from the web 23 comprises a knife 34, Fig. 4, which is secured to the bed 35 of the machine by a resilient connection, described below, and a knife 36 mounted for reciprocation in a vertical plane and arranged to cooperate with the knife 34. The cutting edges of the knives 34 and 36 are arranged at an angle one to the other, so that one edge of the web 23 is rst cut by the cooperating knives and the cut gradually extends across the web until a strip has been severed therefrom, the cutting action of the knives being similar to that of a pair of scissors. The knife 34 is mounted on a block 31, which is fixed to flat spring plates 38, two of said plates being attached to each end of the block 31 and spaced apart from each other and extending lengthwise of the cutting edge of the knife 34. The spring plates are fixed at their lower ends to rigid members shown as blocks 39 secured to the bed 35 of the machine.

Those portions of the knives 34 and 36 which first cooperate with each other are provided with a lead or chamfer so that the knives may be moved past each other and not tend to jam at the commencement of the cutting operation as they would do if such provision were not made. When the reciprocable knife 36 is moved into engagement with the yieldably mounted knife 34, the cutting edge of the knife 36 engages with the edge of the knife 34 and gradually causes the knife 34 to move to the right, as viewed in Fig. 4. Since the knives are angularly inclined to one another, that end of the knife 34 which is first engaged by the knife 36 rst moves to the right the other parts of the knife 34 moving as they are in turn engaged by the knife 36. When setting the apparatus the spring plates 38 are given an initial tension, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, and by this means the cooperating edges of the knives 34 and 36 are automatically maintained in correct relationship with respect to each other during the cutting operation. In order to provide the initial tension in the springs 38, angle pieces 46 are secured to each end of the block 31, and adjusting screws 4| carried in angle pieces fixed to the blocks 33 are provided and are operative upon the angle pieces 4) to effect the adjustment.

The knife 36 is secured to an angle piece 42, which is connected with levers 43 pivoted at 44. A pair of eccentric straps 45, see Figs. 6 and '1, are connected with the shaft 32 and with the levers 43.

As the web 23 is fed forwardly to the cutting wardly out of the range of action of the knives I 34 and 36 one end of the plate 46 is pivoted at 49, Fig. 4a, and the other end is slidably mounted on a vertical rod 41 fixed to the bed 35 of the machine, and springs 46 are provided to urge the plate towards the position shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings. At that end of the plate 46 which is slidably mounted, a projection 56 secured to the angle piece 42 engages with and depresses the plate 46, Fig. 4a. The projection 56 is arranged so that as the knife 36 descends, it engages with the plate 46 before the knife 36 cooperates with the knife 34.

In order to prevent the web 23 from moving forwardly during the cutting operation, a pressure member 5l, Fig. 4, is provided and is connected with a link 52 pivoted at 53 to the bed of the machine. The pressure member 5I is oscillated by the knife 36, a projecting member 54 being secured to the angle piece 42 to which the knife 36 is secured, and engaging with a cam 55 connected with the link 52. As the knife 36 descends, the projection 54 engages with the depression in the cam 55, and a spring 56, Fig. 3, causes the pressure member 5l to engage with and grip the web 23 between the member and the upper surface of the knife 34. As the knife 36 moves upwardly, the projection 54 engages the surface l of the cam 55, thereby causing the pressure member 5l to release the web 23 ready for the next feeding action.

Before the knives 34 and 36 operate to sever a strip from the web 23, a gripping device comprising a plurality of gripping members is arranged to grip the leading end of the web 23. Each of the gripping members comprises a pair of cooperating elements of which one is movable relatively to the other. One of the cooperating elements is a fixed element 58 and the other is a resilient element 59. The resilient part 59 consists of a flat spring which is connected at one end to the xed element 58. The fixed element 58 and the resilient element 59 are connected with an arm 6i) secured to a shaft 5i. A projection 52 is secured to the resilient member 59 and projects through an aperture in the xed member 53 for a purpose which will be described below. The arm 60 is oscillated about the axis of the shaft 5! so that the gripping members are movable in an arcuate path which is transverse to the length of the strip of material which is severed from the web 23. A link 63 is secured to the shaft 5i and to a link 64, the link 54 being also connected with one arm of a bell crank lever 55, the other arm of the bell crank lever carrying a roller 65 which engages with a cam 6l. The cam 6l causes the arm E to move in an arcuate path about the axis of the shaft 6I, and as the grippers move into position to grip the leading end of the web 23, a roller 58 carried on f' an arm 69 xed to a spindle 'l moves downwardly and engages with the projection 62, thus depressing the projection and causing the gripper to open, so that the end portion of the web 23 is inserted between the resilient member 59 and the iixed member 58. The roller 58 is then lifted out of engagement with the projection 52 so that the end portion of the web 23 is held by grippers at points along the width of the web. When, therefore, the strip is severed from the web, the strip will be gripped at points along its length. The arm 69 is operated by a link ll, one end of which is connected with the spindle l, the other end being connected with a further link l2, Fig. 7, which is connected to one arm of a bell crank 13, the other arm of the bell crank carrying a cam roller 14, Fig. 6, which engages with a cam 'l5 on the shaft 32.

When a strip has been severed from the web 23, the arm B moves to the left, as viewed in Figs. 3 and 4, and the strip of material which is carried by the grippers is located against the side l@ of a trough 77. When the strip has been located against an abutment formed by the side 'l of the trough, the continued movement of the grippers to the left in these iigures causes the strip to be withdrawn from between the members 58 and 59.

As the strip is moved towards the side 'l5 of the trough 'il it passes beneath a pressure element i8, the purpose of which is described below. It is sometimes found in practice that the strip buckles between the points at which it is gripped and that when this occurs there is a tendency for the strip to foul the pressing element 18. To remove this objection small weights 18a, Fig. 4, are arranged freely to slide in bearings 13b carried by the angle piece 42, and are disposed so that they engage the material at points between the grippers. The weights 18a engage the end portion of the web as the knife 36 moves downwardly and remains in contact therewith after the strip has been severed from the web and Whilst the grippers are moving the strip towards the side 'I6 of the trough l1. The Weights 18a. are lifted out of the path of the web as it is moved into position to enable a further strip to be severed from the webby the knife 35 as it is moved upwardly, the bearings 1827 engaging with collars 18o fixed to the weights '|'8a.

When the material comprising the web consists of layers of crepe paper interposed with layers of cellulosic material it is found that the strips are more easily deposited in the trough 'H if the grippers are arranged to operate in succession lengthwise of a strip starting at one end thereof to release the strip. In the construction being described, the strips are released from the gripping device due to the fact that one longitudinal edge of a strip is arrested by the abutment 'l5 while the movement of the gripping device is continued. As shown in Figure '7, and indicated more clearly in Figure 7a, the individual gripper members 58 are arranged in a manner such that, commencing from one end of a strip, the successive gripper members engage a greater part of the Width of the strip.

As shown in Figure 7a, a strip S` is gripped by the four grippers 58, and the arrangement is such that each of the grippers considered successively from the left-hand side of the gure, engages with a greater area of the strip than does the preceding gripper. Thus it will be seen that the gripper at the left-hand side engages only a small part of the width of the strip Si, whereas the gripper at the right engages a considerably greater area of the strip. In other words, it might be said that the foremost edges A1, A2, A3, and A4 of the grippers 58 are successively nearer to the edge E, of the strip S commencing from the left-hand side of the figure. It will be seen therefore that when the forward edge Bi of the strip S engages with the abutment on the trough ll, the continued movement of the gripping device causes the rst gripper to release the strip Si, the succeeding grippers being thereafter released in order from left to right as the gripping device moves further away from the abutment against which the edge B is located.

Each strip thus deposited in the trough Tl is engaged by a p-ressing member i8, which is connected to arms 19 iiXed to a shaft 35. The pressing member 'IS is provided with a slot or aperture the purpose of which appears below. Whilst the strip is being inserted into the trough il', the pressing member 78 is held in a position such that it does not impede the strip when the strip is substantially flat, but when the strip is in the trough, the pressing member is lowered into engagement with the strip. The arms 19 to which the pressing member i3 is connected are operated by a link 8i, one end of the link being fixed to the shaft 80, whilst the other is connected with a further link 82, which link is in turn connected with one arm of a bell crank lever 83, the other arm of the bell crank lever carrying a roller 35 which engages with a cam 85.

When the pressing member 73 has engaged the strip in the trough il, the strip is engaged and gripped by a conveyor which moves the strip lengthwise out of the trough. The conveyor which engages and grips the strip comprises two elements disposed above and below the strip respectively, and movable relatively to one another to grip the strip in timed relationship with the gripping device above described. One of the elements comprises a projection 3l, Fig. 4, on. a carriage 83, which carriage is slidably mounted on a shaft 89. The projection 9'? protrudes through an aperture 99 in the bottom of the trough l?, and that surface of the projection 8l' which engages with the strip of material is provided with a roughened surface, for example, a piece of emery cloth is secured to the surface. The carriage 89 is provided with an arm 9|, and an element 92 which cti-operates` with the projection 8'! is pivoted at 93 to the arm 9|. The element 92 is arranged to project through an aperture in the pressing member '18, and that surface of the element 92 which engages with the strip of material is roughened in a manner similar to that in which the projection 8'! is roughened. A roller 94 mounted for rotation about a pin is connected with the element 92, and the roller 9i engages with a cam surface 95, which is formed on or secured to the upper surface of the pressing member 78. The roller Sill and cam 9S cause the element 92 to pivot about the point 93 and thereby to grip and reiease a strip at the desired times. The carriage 88 is reciprocated along the shaft 89 by a link Si, Fig. 7, one end of which is connected with the carriage 88, the other end being connected with a further link 98, which is also connected to a bracket 99, the bracket 99 being provided with a slide |00. A roller lill is connected with a disc |82, the disc being secured to a shaft |93 which is driven from the main drive of the machine. As the roller i rotates with the disc |62, it moves in the slide |01] and imparts to the carriage 88 the desired reciprocating movement. The carriage S8 after a strip has been gripped by the projection 8l and the element 93 is moved to the left of Figs. 6 and 7, thereby conveying the strip lengthwise out of the trough il, and delivering it to a feed conveyor ite.

feed conveyor |943 comprises an endless band, and above the point at which the strip is delivered to the band by the members 87 and 92 there is placed a roller `|55 which is rotated in a direction such that the surface of the roller which engages with the strip is moving in the same direction as the direction in which the strip and conveyor |92- are moving. The feed conveyor ili carries the strip beneath a further rolier ide and through guide elements i0?, Fig. 8, which engage with the longitudinal edge portions of the strip and guide them towards a strip engaging member |98, Fig. 9, which is disposed above the feed conveyor and which engages with the strip at approximately the centre or midportion thereof and prevents the mid-portions of the strips from rising, and in the construction shcwn retains the mid-portion pressed against the feed conveyor The roller |9 has a peripheral groove through which the member S98 extends. The rollers |95 and |96, as will be seen, also act to prevent the mid-portion of the strips from rising and therefore the parts |95, it and |98 all operate to keep the midportions of the strips from rising, although the main function of rollers |95 and |95 is to feed the strips. Further, the periphery of roller |96 may be knurled to assist in the feeding of the strip. The periphery of roller |95 may or may not be knurled as desired. it is preferable that at least the periphery of one of the rollers E95 and |05 is knurled or otherwise roughened. A

foot H9, Fig. 6, carried by a suitable support i139 is arranged so that the foot |||3 engages with the upper surface of the strip as it is delivered to the feed conveyor |94, and holds the rear portion of the strip' in a flat condition as the feed conveyor passes the strip to the guide elements |07. As the feed conveyor |04 carries the strips through the guide elements the edge portions of the strips are raised and guided inwardly towards the strip engaging means |98, see Figs. 8, 9 and 10. An arcuate tongue piece ii is provided above the strips, and this tongue piece |ii is provided with a central partition, this partition being the strip engaging member |538. The tongue piece is provided with an angular support 2| which is secured to a bracket 2|2 by a locking screw 2|3, the bracket 2 l2 being secured to the bed of the machine by means of a bolt rllhe angular support 2|| is provided with a slot 2|5 so that the tongue piece iii may be adjusted transversely to the direction of movement of the conveyor |64. The bracket M2 is provided with a slot as indicated at 2id so that th-e tongue piece may be adjusted towards and away from the conveyor |04.

The guide is tapered, that part of the guide with which the longitudinal edges of the strip rst engage being of larger cross-section than that with which they finally engage, the

ne blug.

difference in cross-section being illustrated in g.

Figs. 9 and l0. As the dimensions of the guide iii gradually become smaller, the longitudinal edges of the strip are guided upwardly until they reach that part of the guide with which the strip engaging surface |68 is connected, and the edges of the strip then tend to turn downwardly as shown in Fig. l0. The guide together with the feed conveyor l' and a pair of rollers H2 and H3, Fig. 1l, which rollers have concave peripheries, forms a passage in which the strips are compressed to a cross-section which is smaller than that which it is desired that the final product shall have. The reason for compressing the strip material to a cross-section which is smaller than that of the nal product is to break down some of the natural resiliency of the material, because it is found that unless this is done there is a tendency for the material to burst open the seam of the tubular wrapper in which the material is enclosed.

The roller ||S is one of the rollers over which the feed conveyor |94 passes and the roller l2 is disposed opposite to the roller` H3 and is movable at the same speed as and in the same direction as the roller ||3. Since the feed conveyor i913 passes over the roller H3, it will be seen that the speed and direction of movement of the wad material and the roller ||2 are the same. The rollers ||2 and ||3 together with the feed conveyor Illli grip the lter material and feed it forward to the forwarding conveyor H8 referred to below.

As will be seen from Fig. 1b, the feed conveyor li at this point begins to flatten out, and in order to retain the formation of the strip, a pair of guides Iii and H5 are provided, and engage with the formed strip until it is delivered on to the surface of an endless web liS of wrapping material, which is fed from a reel il?.

In practice it is found that the final product frequently does not have a formation resembling that shown in Figs. l0 and 1l, but that the strips are folded in a haphazard form. Although it is desirable that the final product shall have a form resembling that shown in Figs. 10 and 11 as closely as possible, the haphazard formation is found to form satisfactory plugs or wads.

The feed conveyor |04 delivers the formed strip to the wrapping material H6, the material 6 passing over a roller 2|? and being engaged by a forwarding conveyor ||8 which comprises an endless band. The forwarding conveyor I|8 carries the strip together with the endless wrapping material i i6 beneath two tongue members H9, which are tapered as shown in Fig. 1h, and which serve to guide the formed strips until wrapping material H6 is partly folded about the strips. If desired, instead of two relatively short members H0, one relatively long member may be used, but it is found that two short members are more easy to manufacture and better provide for the adjustment and maintenance of the machine. The wrapping material ||6 and the strip is then carried by the forwarding conveyor ||3 past a folder |20, which folds one longitudinal edge of the wrapping material into engagement with the formed strip, as shown in Fig. 13. The other longitudinal edge of the wrapping material is left upstanding, as shown in Fig. 13, and is engaged by an adhesive applying wheel |2| which receives adhesive from a container |22, see Figs. l and 2.

A roller |23, Fig. 13, freely mounted on a pin |24 presses the upstanding edge of the wrapping material against the adhesive applying wheel |2| The pin |24 about which the roller |23 is mounted is carried by an arm |25 and a spring |26 presses the arm |25 towards the adhesive applying wheel |2| so that the roller |23 presses the upstanding edge of the wrapping material against the wheel |2|. i

After adhesive has been applied to the longitudinal edge of the wrapping material, a further folder |2|', Fig. 14, folds the upstanding portion of wrapping material downwardly into engagement with the previously folded portion, thus forming a continuous wrapper about the strips.

The strips are delivered to the feed conveyor |04 in succession, so that the leading end of one strip abuts against the foremost end of the preceding strip, thus when the continuous wrapper is formed about the succession of strips, a rod of wrapped lter plugs or wads is formed. The rod so formed is passed beneath a heating element |28, see Figs. 15 and 16. The heating element comprises a coil of resistance Wire, not shown, and a bar |29 made from good heat conducting material. The heating element is mounted in a cylindrical casing |30 and the bar |29 extends beyond the cylindrical surface thereof. The casing |30 is secured by a bolt |3| to an arm |32 which is mounted on a spindle |33 carried upon a standard |34 supported upon the bed of the machine.

The position of the arm |32 may be adjusted by means of an adjusting screw |35, adapted to engage with the projection |36 formed on the arm |32. Secured to the casing |30 is a handle |3|, by which the heater may be moved about the axis of the spindle |33, so as either to rest, as shown in Fig. 16, upon the overlapping edges of the wrapping material I I6, or be raised into a position out of engagement with the rod. After passing the heating element |20, which dries the adhesive and secures the seam of the continuous tubular wrapper, the rod passes to a cutting device which severs the rod into the desired lengths.

One form of device suitable for cutting the rod into the desired lengths is shown in Figs. 17 and 18, and the rod passes from the heater into tubular members |38, the tubular members being spaced apart as shown in Fig. 17, and are carried by downwardly projecting flanges |30, which merge into a block |40. The tubular members |38 are spaced apart by a distance sufcient for' the knife blade |4| to pass between the members and effect cutting of the rod.

The block |40 is rigidly attached by plates |4| and bolts |42, to wide fiat springs |43, the lower ends of the fiat springs being rigidly attached to a projection |44, which projects from the frame of the machine.

The tubular members |38 are oscillated by a connecting rod driven by a crank disc |46, the connecting rod also being attached to an extension |41 of one end plate |4|. The bearings at each end of the connecting rod |45 are preferably in the form of totally enclosed ball races, which are lubricated at intervals by being packed with grease in any known manner. When the crank disc |46 rotates, the springs |43 bend and permit the tubular members |36 to oscillate, whilst maintaining the tubular members so that their axes remain in a substantially horizontal plane. A bracket |48 is mounted on the block |40, and embraces a rod |49 fixed to the frame of the machine so that if one of the springs |43 should break during the operation of the machine, the tubular members |30 are prevented from falling from their normal path. The knife 4| is carried by a bar |50, which is pivoted on a pin |5I. The bar |50 comprises two links arranged one on either side of a yoke |54, the links being maintained in position by bridge pieces |52, each bridge piece having a pin |53 secured at its Centre. The pins |53 t into holes in the yoke |54, which is carried in a bearing |55, arranged at an angle to the main shaft |55 of the cutting apparatus. The inclination of the bearing |55 is adjustable by means of a quadrant |51. The knife blade |4| is clamped to the bar |50 by means of -a holder |58, and a counter-weight |59 is provided at the other end of the bar |50.

When the main shaft |56 is rotated, the pin |5| transmits rotary motion to the bar which in turn through the bridge pieces |52 and pins |53 imparts rotary movement to the yoke |54, and due to the angular displacement of the yoke the blade 4| receives a reciprocating movement which is equal in speed to the linear speed of the rod, and during the time the blade is cutting through the rod the plane of the blade is substantially at right angles to the axis of the rod. Grinding elements in the form of rotatable discs |50 are provided to engage with the blade 4| and to keep the blade sharp.

The tubular members |30 are moved in synchronism with the knife |4| so that at the time of cutting of the rod the tubular members are moving in the same direction as the rod and at the same speed as that at which the rod is moving.

The severed lengths are delivered to a conveyor |6| (see Figs. 19 and 20) and the conveyor |6| moves with a surface speed which is greater than the linear speed of the rod, so that successive severed lengths are spaced apart from one another. Movable bands |62 are provided and engage with the severed lengths as they pass to the conveyor |6|, the bands |62 being moved at the same speed as that of the conveyor |6| and assisting in the spacing of the severed lengths. The severed lengths are carried by the conveyor |6| into a position such that they are engaged by one of the vanes or blades |63 carried by one 01' other of a pair of rotatable drums |64 and |65.

As previously stated, the width of the web from which the strips are severed is 66 centimetres, so that the length of each strip contained in the rod is 66 centimetres. Each filter wad length which is severed from the rod is 66 millimetres in length, thus each formed strip of lter material is divided into ten lengths. As it is not always possible to determine exactly where one strip is adjacent the next in the rod, the strips are severed so that one length in each ten successive lengths contains the two end portions of strip material. The drum H55 is provided with only one vane 163, and this blade is arranged to deflect the severed lengths which contain the end portions of strip material, whilst the drum i515 is provided with nine blades IES and is arranged to deflect the remaining severed lengths, all of the severed lengths being delivered in rows on to a band IGS. In this way the lengths containing the end portions of strip material are separated from the remaining lengths delivered from the cutting mechanism.

Instead of the lengths severed from the rod being 66 millimetres, as just described, it will be appreciated that if desired the lengths cut from the rod may be each equal to the length required for use with a single cigarette, or they may if desired be of a length required for two cigarettes. The 66 millimetre lengths above referred to are lengths which are equal to the length required for six single cigarettes, and these multiple lengths are again severed when being -assembled with cigarettes. It is desirable, h wever, that the end portions of successive strips be contained in one length and that these lengths be separated from the remainder of the product of the machine.

The mechanism shown in the drawings for gripping and feeding the strips to the conveyor H34 is described and claimed per se in copending U. S. application Serial No. 97,686 of even date.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:-

1. In a machine for forming wads, mechanism to enclose an axially moving core in a continuous tubular wrapper, means to feed wrapping material to said mechanism, a conveyor to deliver wad material to the wrapping material, shaping elements cooperating with said conveyor to `form the wad material to a cross-section approximating to that of the nal wad before delivery of the wad material to the wrapping material, and a cutting device to sever lengths from the axially wrapped core.

2. In a machine for forming wads, mechanism to enclose an axially moving core in a continuous tubular wrapper, means to feed wrapping material to said mechanism, a conveyor to deliver strips of wad material lengthwise to the wrapping material, shaping elements cooperating with said conveyor to form the wad material to a crosssection approximating to that of the nal wad before delivery of the wad material to the wrapping material, and a cutting device to sever lengths from the axially wrapped core.

3. In a machine for forming wads, mechanism to enclose an axially moving core in a continuous tubular wrapper, means to feed wrapping material to said mechanism, a forming passage disposed in advance of said mechanism and arranged to form wad material to a cross-section approximating to that of the final wad, a conveyor to move wad material lengthwise through the forming passage and to deliver the wad material to the wrapping material, and a cutting device to sever lengths from the axially wrapped core.

4. In a machine for forming wads, mechanism to enclose an axially moving core in a continuous tubular wrapper, a forming passage disposed in advance of said mechanism and arranged to form wad material to a cross-section approximating to that of the nal wad, a conveyor to move strips or" wad material lengthwise in succession through the forming passage and towards said mechanism, and shaping elements disposed in advance of the passage and above the conveyor partly to fold the material before the latter enters said passage.

5. In a machine for forming wads, the combination with mechanism to enclose an axially moving core in a continuous tubular wrapper, or a conveyor to move strips of wad material lengthwise towards said mechanism, and shaping elements cooperating with said conveyor to form the wad material to a cross-section approximating to that of the final wad, said shaping elements comprising means disposed above the conveyor to engage the strips between the longitudinal edges thereof, means to engage and raise the longitudinal edge portions of the strips, and means to compress the folded material.

6. In a machine for forming wads, the combination with mechanism to enclose an axially moving core in a continuous tubular wrapper, of a conveyor to move strips of wad material lengthwise towards said mechanism, and shaping elements cooperating with said conveyor to form the wad material to a cross-section approximating to that of the final wad, said shaping elements comprising means disposed above the conveyor to engage the strips between the longitudinal edges thereof, means to engage and raise the longitudinal edge portions of the strips, a partition disposed between the raised portions and cooperating with said last named means to direct the raised portions toward that portion of the material which is engaged by the conveyor, and means to compress the folded material.

7. In a machine for forming wads, the combination with mechanism to enclose an axially moving core in a continuous tubular wrapper, of a conveyor to move strips of wad material lengthwise towards said mechanism, and shaping elements cooperating with said conveyor to form the wad material to a cross-section approximating to that of the final wad, said shaping elements comprising means disposed above the conveyor to engage the strips between the longitudinal edges thereof, means to engage and raise the longitudinal edge portions of the strips, and a pair of opposed surfaces movable at the same speed and in the same direction as the wad material to compress the folded material.

8. In a machine for forming wads, the combination with mechanism to enclose an axially moving core in a continuous tubular wrapper, of a conveyor to move strips of wad material lengthwise towards said mechanism, and shaping elements cooperating with said conveyor to form the wad material to a cross-section approximating to that of the final wad, said shaping elements comprising means disposed above the conveyor to engage the strips between the longitudinal edges thereof, means to engage and raise the longitudinal edge portions of the strips, a partition disposed between the raised portions and cooperating with said last named means to direct the raised portions toward that portion of the material which is engaged by the conveyor, and

a pair of opposed surfaces movable at the same speed and in the same direction as the wad material to compress the folded material.

9. In a machine for forming wads, the combination with mechanism to enclose an axially moving core in a continuous tubular wrapper, of a conveyor to move strips of wad material lengthwise towards said mechanism, and shaping elements cooperating with said conveyor to form the wad material to a cross-section approximating to that of the final wad, said shaping elements comprising means disposed above the conveyor to engage the strips between the longitudinal edges thereof, means to engage and raise the longitudinal edge portions of the strips and means to compress the folded material, and means to keep the wad material flat on the conveyor as the latter moves the material to said shaping elements.

10. In a machine for forming wads, the combination with mechanism to enclose an axially moving core in.a continuous tubular wrapper, of a conveyor to move strips of wad material lengthwise towards said mechanism, and shaping elements cooperating with said conveyor to form the wad material to a cross-section approximating to that of the final wad, said shaping elements comprising means disposed above the conveyor to engage the strips between the longitudinal edges thereof, means to engage and raise the longitudinal edge portions of the strips, a partition disposed between the raised portions and cooperating with said last named means to direct the raised portions toward that portion of the material which is engaged by the conveyor, and means to compress the folded material, and means to keep the wad material flat on the conveyor as the latter moves the material to said shaping elements.

1l. In a machine for forming wads, the combination with mechanism to enclose an axially moving core in a continuous tubular wrapper, of a conveyor to move strips of wad material lengthwise towards said mechanism, and shaping elements cooperating with said conveyor to form the wad material to a cross-section approximating to that of the final wad, said shaping elements comprising means disposed above the conveyor to engage the strips between the longitudinal edges thereof, means to engage and raise the longitudinal edge portions of the strips, and a pair of opposed surfaces movable at the same speed and in the same direction as the wad material to compress the folded material, and means to keep the wad material at on the conveyor as the latter moves the material to said shaping elements.

l2. In a machine for forming wads, mechanism to enclose an axially moving core in a continuous tubular wrapper, a forming passage disposed in advance of said mechanism and arranged to form wad material to a cross-section approximating to that of the nal wad, the walls of said passage being movable at the same speed and in the same direction as the wad material, and a conveyor to move strips of wad material lengthwise through the forming passage and towards said mechanism.

13. In a machine for forming wads, the combination with mechanism to enclose an axially moving core in a continuous tubular wrapper, of a forming passage disposed in advance of said mechanism and arranged to form wad material to a cross-section approximating to that of the nal wad, a conveyor to move strips of wad material lengthwise through the forming passage and towards said mechanism, and means to engage and raise the longitudinal edge portions of the strips before the latter are introduced into said passage.

14. In a machine for forming wads, the combination with mechanism to enclose an axially moving core in a continuous tubular wrapper, of a forming passage disposed in advance of said mechanism and arranged to form wad material to a cross-section approximating to that of the final wad and the walls of said passage being movable at the same speed and in the same direction as the wad material, a conveyor to move strips of wad material lengthwise through the forming passage and towards said mechanism, and means to engage and raise the longitudinal edge portions of the strips before the latter are introduced into said passage.

15. In a machine for forming wads, the combination with mechanism to enclose an axially moving core in a continuous tubular wrapper, of a conveyor to move strips of wad material lengthwise in succession towards said mechanism, and

shaping elements cooperating with said conveyor to form the wad material to a cross-section approximating to that of the nal wad, said shaping elements comprising means disposed above the conveyor to engage the strips between the longitudinal edges thereof, means to engage and raise the longitudinal edge portions of the strips, and a pair of opposed surfaces movable at the same speed and in the same direction as the wad material to compress the folded material.

16. In a machine for forming wads, mechanism to enclose an axially moving core in a continuous tubular wrapper, a conveyor to move wad material towards said mechanism, and stationary shaping elements cooperating with said conveyor to form the wad material to a cross-section approximating to that of the nal wad prior to the wad material being delivered to the wrapping material.

1'7. In a machine for forming wads, means for providing and forwarding a continuous wrapper, a conveyor for delivering wad material to said wrapper, stationary shaping elements cooperating with said conveyor to form the wad material into a cross-sectional configuration approximating that of the final wad prior to the wad material being delivered to the wrapping material, and means for forming said wrapper into a continuous tubular configuration and enclosing the axially moving wad material therein as a core.

18. In a machine for forming wads, the combination with mechanism to enclose an axially moving core in a continuous tubular wrapper, of a forming passage disposed in advance of said mechanism and arranged to form wad material to a cross-section approximating to that of the nal wad and the walls of said passage being movable at the same speed and in the same direction as the wad material, a conveyor to move strips of wad material lengthwise through the forming passage and towards said mechanism, means to engage and raise the longitudinal edge portions of the strips before the latter are introduced into said passage, and a partition disposed between the raised portions and cooperating with said last named means to direct the raised portions towards that portion of the material which is engaged by the conveyor.

FLIX FRDRIC RUAU. 

